Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) is a well-known medicinal plant extensively used in traditional and modern medicine due to its wide range of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective effects. The present study aims to perform a comprehensive analytical profiling of the methanolic extract of liquorice roots using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectroscopy (GC–MS) to identify and characterize its bioactive phytochemical constituents. Dried and powdered liquorice roots were subjected to Soxhlet extraction using methanol as the solvent to obtain a concentrated extract rich in polar and semi-polar compounds. The extract was filtered, concentrated under reduced pressure, and analyzed using GC–MS equipped with a capillary column under optimized chromatographic conditions.

Nanocarriers have become strong platforms that enhance efficacy and precision of drug delivery to address hundreds of years of issues that persist like low solubility, rapid clearance and off-target toxicity. Their nanoscaled size, controllable surface features and the capacity to accommodate various therapeutic loads facilitate improved bioavailability, regulated and sustained delivery, and site selective targeting through passive and ligand-mediated effects. The opportunities are especially pertinent in oncology, CNS disorders, infectious disease, and autoimmune diseases, where traditional therapies are likely to be unable to provide sufficient therapeutic indices. Nonetheless, the implementation of nanocarriers in clinical practice is limited by significant risks and ambiguities. The disadvantages that may be presented are immunogenicity, allergenicity, rapid clearance through reticuloendothelial system, organ accumulation over time, and nanotoxicological effects, which cannot be completely detected in the typical preclinical models. There are also the complexities of manufacturing, expensive cost of production, and the changing regulatory systems that act as major obstacles to mass production. The considerations concerning ethics and the patient, including fair access, disclosure of the long-term risks, and sound informed consent, are also essential. This review analyzes critically, the two-sidedness of risks and opportunities risk of nanocarrier-based drug delivery, which requires rational design, stringent safety testing, and collaboration across the interdisciplinary boundary. Nanomedicine can become better incorporated in personal and precision-focused treatment approaches by being properly balanced between innovation and adequate risk evaluation

The breast cancer is among the most prevalent malignancies and the major cause of cancer-related death in women globally. The study of plant-based bioactive compounds has become of much interest over the past few years because of the possible positive medical effects and the comparative treatment of lower toxicity of these compounds. The medicinal plant Abutilon indicum, which is a popular component used in traditional medicine, has been known to have different phytochemicals with pharmacological properties. The objective of this study was to determine the phytochemical composition and in-vitro action of the ethanolic fruit extract of Abutilon indicum on HBC. Phytochemical-profiling of the extract was performed by means of (GC-MS) and determination of bioactive compounds in the extract was done. The MTT assay was used to determine the anticancer activity based on cell viability and cytotoxic effect on the cancer cells. The GC-MS analysis showed the existence of various phytoconstituents that have the potential biological activities. The ethanolic fruit extract had concentrationdependent cell viability, which means that it has a significant cytotoxic and antiprolliferative effect on MDA-MB-231 cells. The above observations show that the Abutilon indicum fruit extract holds a promising anticancer future and that it can be adopted as a potential source of the development of new plant-based therapeutic agents and to overcome breast cancer. There is also need to further research on active compounds so that it can be isolated and further clarify their mechanisms of action

Ophiorrhizarecurvipetala is a medicinal plant known for its diverse therapeutic potential attributed to its rich phytochemical profile. In the present study,major phytochemicals—camptothecin, gallic acid, betulinic acid, ursolic acid, ?-sitosterol, kaempferol,quercetin and someother phytochemicals—were evaluated through in-silico molecular docking using the CBDock2 and ADMET analysis platform to predict their binding affinity, pharmacokinetic parameters and interaction potential against key protein targets associated with various biological activities. The selected biological activities and their corresponding protein targets included antioxidant (SOD-1), anticancer (Bcl-2), anti-inflammatory (COX-2), antibacterial (Human tetrameric LL-37), antifungal (Lanosterol-14-?-D-methylase CYP51), antiviral (Zinc finger antiviral protein), antidiabetic (Human lysosomal acid- Alpha glycosidase), and hepatoprotective pathways. Ligands and protein structures were prepared and docked to identify binding cavities and estimate interaction energies. Docking analyses revealed that several phytochemicals exhibited strong affinity toward multiple targets, suggesting multi-functional therapeutic potential. Notably, compounds such as camptothecin, betulinic acid, kaempferol, and quercetin demonstrated significant binding interactions correlating with their known pharmacological properties. The study highlights the potential of O. recurvipetala phytochemicals as promising leads for drug development and ADMET analysis supports further experimental validation through in-vitro and in-vivo investigations