ABSTRACT

A total of 120 broiler chicks, were used in this experiment to evaluate the effect of feeding local concentrate replaced the imported concentrate on the performance of broiler chicks. Three dietary treatments were formulated as: diet (A) containing 5% imported concentrate (IC), diets B and C containing 5% and 7.5% local concentrate (LC) respectively. The experiment was replicated four times with 10 chicks / replicate. The experiment was lasted for six weeks. The measured parameters were, average body weight, average feed intake average body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Results obtained revealed that substitution of imported concentrate with local concentrate had significantly (P<0.05) positive effect on chicks performance. Whereas, chicks fed diet with 7.5% LC significantly observed best performance. However, chicks fed on 5% LC showed significantly (P<0.05) the best FCR. Substitution of local concentrate (LC) with LC economically profitable.

Keywords: Concentrate, Substitution, Chick’s performance.

ABSTRACT

A gradient Simultaneous estimation by RP-HPLC Method were developed and validated for the quantification of Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole and methyl paraben at single wavelength (275nm) in order to assess assay and in vitro drug release profile of drug from Oral Suspension formulation. A gradient elution of samples performed on Lichrospher 60-RP select B, 5µm, Lichrocart MERCK (250 × 4.0 mm, 5μm) with buffered mobile phase consisting solvent A of KH₂PO₄ 0.05M , solvent B (Acetonitrile) and solvent C (Methanol) in ratio of (75:15:10) (v/v/v) delivered at flow rate 1.0 mL/min. The average retention time for Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole and methyl paraben were found to be 6.4 min, 16.8 min and 26.6 min. The proposed method was validated for selectivity, precision, linearity and accuracy. The assay methods were found to be linear from 140-260 µg/ml for Sulfamethoxazole, 28-52µg/ml for Trimethoprim and 7.0-13.0µg/ml for methyl paraben. In addition filter suitability, standard and sample solution stability was demonstrated. The validated method is suitable for quality control applications and its advantages over the already existing methods are simplicity and reduced analysis time.

Keywords: RP-HPLC Method; Simultaneous Estimation; Stability; Sulfamethoxazole; Trimethoprim.

ABSTRACT

An investigation was undertaken to determine the Quality of surface water of Shivnath River & ponds in durg and rajnandgaon region”. The study assessed the evolution of water quality in Surface of Durg and Rajnandgaon district. A comparative study of both type of surface water i.e. river as well as pond water was carried out by taking certain important parameters like temperature, pH, Total dissolved solids, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, chloride and the same were compared with drinking water standard IS:10500,2005. In this present investigation it was found that the maximum parameters were not at the level of pollution. So both type of surface water satisfy the requirement for the use in various purposes. But the study of pond water indicated that the community ponds are highly polluted and unsafe for human use. Temple pond is comparatively less polluted than small community pond and large community pond.

Keywords: Surface water, Investigation, Community pond, Parameters.

ABSTRACT

Boswellia serrata Roxb. ex Colebr. is a deciduous tree in the Burseraceae family. It is native to India and Pakistan. Boswellia serrata is in the same botanical Burseraceae family as the tree from which myrrh is harvested. In India, frankincense from the tree is called \"salai guggal\". In biomedical arena, computer-aided or in silico design is being utilized to expedite and facilitate hit identification, hit-to-lead selection, optimize the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity profile and avoid safety issues. There are over a hundred chemical substances that have been derived from plants for use as drugs and medicines. Medicinal plants containing natural and its synthesize chemical compound belonging to two research targets (Mitogen-activated protein kinase for cancer and Thymidine monophosphate kinase for TB) and two successful targets (HIV protease for HIV and Enoyl-ACP reductase for malaria). Beside that ligand library compounds were also examined for druglikeness. Molecular docking studies were carried out with docking programmed. The virtual screening from ligand library point towards the best score and efficient binding of the ligand 2-ethenyl-6-methylhept-5-en-1-yl acetate with two research target and two successful targets from the ligand library included in study. The synthesize chemical compound having best score comparison to the natural chemical compound present in the Boswellia serrata Roxb. ex Colebr wild medicinal plant.

Keywords: Medicinal Plants, Mitogen-activated protein kinase, Thymidine monophosphate kinas, HIV protease, Enoyl-ACP reductase, Docking.

ABSTRACT

The electrochemical reduction behaviour of cefquinome has been studied by using dc polarography, cyclicvoltammetry, ac polarography, differential pulse polarography, millicolommetry and controlled potential electrolysis inuniversal buffers ranging from pH 2.0 to 12.0 in DMF-water mixtures. Kinetic parameters such as diffusion coefficient (D) andforward rate constant ( f h k , ) values are evaluated and a reduction mechanism is proposed. A simple and rapid differential pulsepolarographic method has been developed for the determination of cefquinome in pharmaceutical formulations using thestandard addition method. The detection limit is 2.15 x 10-8M.

Keywords: Cefquinome, Polarography, Reduction mechanism, Kinetic parameters, Pharmaceutical formulations.

ABSTRACT

Flowcytometry is a powerful technology mainly used for investigations in cell biology and isolation of individual cells.It is a laser based biophysical analytical technique used mainly for cell sorting, cell counting, biomarker detection and protein engineering. It is one of the high powerful, sensitive and specific for simultaneous estimation of multiparameters of individual cells in heterogeneous suspension. Flowcytometry can analyze thousands of particles per second. In flowcytometry, analysis is done based on physical interaction of particles with laser light. It is used both for single cell analysis and multi cell analysis. Now a day’s flowcytometry has become an essential tool in the clinical field for diagnosis of different types of diseases. Because of this analytical capability, flowcytometry become an integral part in medical research centers .At the present time flowcytometry is available as a new and specialized flowcytometer called High Throughput Pharmacological System(HTPS).It is mainly used for high throughput analysis of 9-10 samples/minute. The flowcytometry is applicable to few branches of sciences both alone and in combination with other methods. It gives new and valuable results in clinical field that could not be obtained by any other analytical methods.

Keywords: Cell sorting, Laser based technique, High Throughput analysis, Single cell analysis.

ABSTRACT

The effect of feeding broiler chicks on diets containing different levels of black pepper as natural feed additive on productive performance, carcass characteristics and economical efficiency were studied. A total of one hundred and sixty, one-day old, unsexed (Hubbard) broiler chicks were randomly divided into four experimental groups. Each group was further subdivided into five replicates at the rate of eight chicks per pen in a complete randomized design. The chicks were fed on two basal diets (starter and finisher). The black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) was added to the basal diets at levels (0.0, 0.5, 0.75 and 1%) resulting in four (A,B,C and D) formulae respectively ,with group A serving as control. The experimental diets were fed for 6-weeks duration. Health of the stock and performance parameters was recorded. Dressing, edible giblet (liver, heart and gizzard), commercial cuts percentages (breast, drumstick and thigh) and economical evaluation were calculated. The result indicated group supplemented with (1%) black pepper had significantly (P<0.05) heaviest values for body weight gain, feed intake, dressing, best feed conversion ratio, and commercial cuts percentages (breast, drumstick and thigh). The birds fed on the control group produced significantly (P<0.05) highest abdominal fat percentage. The mortality rate and the percentages of edible giblets (liver, heart and gizzard) were not affected significantly (P>0.05) by the addition of the black pepper on broiler diets. Birds fed on the highest level of black pepper (1%) yielded the highest net profit as compared to other experimental groups.

Keywords: Natural feed additive, Black pepper.

ABSTRACT

A simple, accurate, precise, and sensitive and a highly selective UV-spectrophotometric method were developed for the simultaneous estimation of atorvastatin calcium and pyridoxine hydrochloride at a maximum wavelength of 259 nm and 288 nm respectively. The method was found to be linear in the range of 2 – 10 μg/ml with mean recovery in the range of 98% -102% for atorvastatin calcium & pyridoxine hydrochloride. The developed method was validated according to ICH guidelines and it was found to be accurate and precise, thus the proposed method can be successfully applied for simultaneous determination of atorvastatin calcium & pyridoxine hydrochloride in routine analysis work.

Keywords: Atorvastatin calcium (ATR), Pyridoxine hydrochloride (PYR), UV-Spectrophotometric method.

ABSTRACT

The effect of methanolic extract of Ganoderma lucidum on blood glucose level was investigated in normal albino rats by enzymatic oxidation method. Doses of 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg were administered to albino rats in groups A, B and C while rats in group D were used as control and administered with water. The extract was orally administered consecutively for 21 days, and two weeks withdrawal period was also monitored. Serum sample was collected from the experimental rats after sacrificing five rats weekly per each group. Pre-treatment, treatment and withdrawal values were analysed and compared to control. Blood glucose level was found to significantly (P<0.05) decrease within the treatment period compared to pre-treatment and control suggesting possible hypoglycemic effect of the methanolic extract of wild Ganoderma lucidum which may be used in the management of disease such as diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: Ganoderma lucidum, Methanol extract, Blood glucose, Albino rats.

ABSTRACT

Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA) is an analytical technique that is used to establish the composition of small areas on specimens. It’s one of the several particle-beam techniques These analytical technique has a high spatial resolution and sensitivity and individual analysis are reasonably short requiring only a minute or two in most cases. The Electron Microprobe can obtain highly magnified secondary and back-scattered electron images of a sample.EPMA is now a vital for condensed matter Physicists working in this field. The characterization is particularly important for thin films and a great deal of work has been devoted to modify them. EPMA correction procedures in order to perform analysis of thin film or layered specimens. At the present time, the instrumentation available for electron probe microanalysis has reached a very high standard of performance and its handling is straightforward as is likely to be achieved. The method offers very great possibilities to analytical chemistry both alone and in combination with other methods indeed, there are few branches of science to which the application of electron probes can bring new and valuable results that could not be achieved by other means.

Keywords: Electron Microprobe, Particle-Beam technique, Back-scattered electron.

ABSTRACT

The Auger electron energies can be defined as the characteristics of the element from which the electron come. Auger electron Spectroscopy (AES) measures the energies of Auger electrons by identifying surface elemental compositions. This analytical technique has a high spatial resolution and sensitivity. It is a phenomenon which is physical in which electron transition of an electron in an atom filling in an inner-shell vacancy creates the emission of another electron. Electron from higher energy level will fall into vacancy when a core electron is removed leaving a vacancy results in a release of energy. Elemental concentrations are directly proportional to Auger electron peaks. Concentrations are possible measure from the first principles. Auger peaks are influenced by several instrumental factors like sample orientation, energy resolution, primary beam energy and acceptance angle of the analyzer. Methods such as X-rays or bombardment with argon ions and irradiation with electrons can yield an inner shell vacancy. AES is a wide spread method for analysis of thin films, interfaces and surface. It is one of the most commonly employed techniques in surface analysis in determining the composition of sample’s surface few layers.

Keywords: Electron Peaks, Analyzer, Resolution, Sensitivity.

ABSTRACT

A simple and rapid UV – Spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of Doxylamine succinate and Pyridoxine HCl in combined dosage forms. The said combination is used in treating morning sickness associated with pregnancy. For the simultaneous estimation of both drugs, 260 nm and 285 nm were selected as wavelength of analysis. The linearity range was taken 5-50μg/ml for Doxylamine and 2-18µg/ml for Pyridoxine which showed correlation coefficient of 0.9995 and 0.9998 respectively. The method was validated for accuracy and precision and % RSD was found to be within the acceptable limits. The percentage recoveries for both drugs were in the range of 95.5% – 98.33%. The LOD and LOQ of both drugs indicate that the method is sensitive. The assay of the method was in good agreement with the standards and enables the method to be adapted for routine analysis of the both drugs in combined dosage forms.

 Keywords: Doxylamine succinate, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Simultaneous equations, Morning Sickness.